Introduction To Automobile

 Introduction To Automobile 

• Present age is called the age of "Automobile' or self propelled vehicle. A vehicle producing power within itself for its propulsion is known as self propelled vehicle e.g. moped, scooter, motorcycle, etc. Germany is the birth place of automobile.

• The automobile is define as a self propelled vehicle which will be run on the ground.

• The first automobile powered by steam engine was built in France by Nicholas-Joseph Cugnot in 1769-70. It was a three wheel vehicle having speed 2½ miles/hour.

• Oliver Evans in 1805, operated his Evans Amphibian for the first time in Philadelphia, America. This vehicle was designed with four wheels and the body was in the form of a flat boat. Two outstanding successes in America were the Stanley Steamer and the White Steam Car, introduced in 1895 and 1902 respectively. Both of these automobiles gave excellent performance. The Stanley Steamer is credited with being the first self- propelled vehicle to attain a road speed of 160 km per hour.

•  The development of an internal combustion engine for automobile was accelerated the change in the production of vehicle. The first practical automobile fitted with I.C. engine which ran on city gas and was ignited by electric spark plug by Belgium inventor Eienne Lenor in 1860. In 1866 Nikolaus A. Otto and Engen Langen of Germany, invented a four stroke engine which was the predecessor of modern gasoline engine. It was again modified by Gottlieb Daimler who substituted oil for gas. Gottlieb Daimler presented a high speed LC. engine which revolutionized automotive transportation.

• In 1896-97 Germany, France, England, America considerable work was carried for the development of gasoline automobiles and until 1910, the automobile was in the experimental stage.

• By the improvement in the roads, rapidity and economy of motor transportation and the First World War were the main factors which lead to the further of an automobile.

• The rapid industrialization and development of an automobile gave birth for the growth. In India the first motor car was imported in 1898 and it is continue for about 50 years. Sir M. Visveswaraya made an establishment of an automobile industry in 1935.

• The first automobile industry in India, Hindustan Motor Limited at Kolkata, came in the year 1947and then Premier Automobile Limited at Mumbai, in 1948. Initially they manufacture cars. Today there are lot of industries developed.

• The government's liberalization policy and the transformation of Indian economy from a protected one to a highly competitive one has offered an unpredicted future of the Indian Automobile Industries. The industry is certainly beading for a tremendous growth, the number of annual, sale of car and jeep at domestic front is expected. The demand is raising at an average of 25%, compared to the previous corresponding period.

Indian automobile industry taking big leaps forward on 3 fronts in preparation for entering 21 century. 

   These are:

1.  The technology gaps are being bridged not only between India and the world but also between the present and the future. Almost every company introducing a new engine which is smaller, powerful and lighter and more efficient.
2. The vehicle owners and users have a greater choice of vehicles. So manufacturing company look at the customer needs and developing new models introducing new features.
3. The vehicle manufacturers are concentrating on their plant and the manufacturing process is changing with a view to greater economy and efficiency in production and better reliability, endurance and performance in vehicle.